Medicare at a Glance
What it is
- Federal health insurance for people 65+ and some under 65 with certain disabilities or ESRD.
- Original Medicare: Part A (hospital) + Part B (medical). Add Part D (drugs) and optional Medigap for predictable costs.
- Medicare Advantage (Part C): all-in-one plans from private insurers (often includes drugs, dental/vision, extras).
Key choices you’ll make
- Coverage path: Original Medicare + (Part D / Medigap) or Medicare Advantage (HMO/PPO).
- Doctors & network: Keep any doctor nationwide with Original Medicare; MA plans use networks.
- Drug coverage: Add Part D to Original Medicare or choose an MA-PD plan with drugs included.
General information only—availability, benefits and costs vary by county, carrier and your Medicare eligibility. We’ll confirm what applies to you.
Original Medicare vs. Medicare Advantage
Topic | Original Medicare (+ Medigap/Part D) | Medicare Advantage (Part C) |
Monthly costs |
Part B premium; Part D premium if added; optional Medigap premium. |
Part B premium still applies; many plans have low premiums; copays vary. |
Out-of-pocket |
No annual cap under Original Medicare; Medigap reduces your share. |
Annual out-of-pocket max (MOOP) sets a ceiling on costs. |
Doctors & hospitals |
Any Medicare-accepting provider nationwide; no referrals. |
Network-based (HMO/PPO); referrals/rules may apply; OON costs vary. |
Prescriptions |
Add a standalone Part D plan; choose based on your meds. |
Most MA plans include Part D (MA‑PD); confirm your drugs/tiers. |
Extras |
Typically none beyond Medicare; some Medigap perks vary by carrier. |
Often includes dental, vision, hearing, fitness, OTC allowances. |
We’ll compare options side‑by‑side, check your doctors and drugs, and explain trade‑offs so you can choose confidently.
When to Enroll
Period | When | What you can do |
Initial Enrollment (IEP) |
7‑month window around your 65th birthday |
Sign up for Parts A & B; choose Part D; enroll in Medigap or Advantage. |
Annual Enrollment (AEP) |
Oct 15 – Dec 7 |
Join, switch, or drop Part D and Medicare Advantage for Jan 1 start. |
Open Enrollment (OEP) |
Jan 1 – Mar 31 |
Switch Medicare Advantage plans or return to Original Medicare. |
General Enrollment (GEP) |
Jan 1 – Mar 31 |
Enroll in Part B if you missed IEP (timing/penalties may apply). |
Special Enrollment (SEP) |
Year‑round with qualifying events |
Move, loss of employer coverage, 5‑star plan, Extra Help, and more. |
Medigap OEP |
6 months from Part B effective date |
Guaranteed issue for Medigap (most states), no health underwriting. |
Rules vary by state and situation—we’ll confirm your best window and help you avoid late‑enrollment penalties.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need Part D if I don’t take many meds?
You generally should enroll when first eligible unless you have other creditable drug coverage. Skipping Part D can lead to a late‑enrollment penalty later.
Can I keep my doctor?
Original Medicare lets you see any provider who accepts Medicare. Medicare Advantage uses networks (HMO/PPO). We’ll check your doctors either way.
What’s the difference between Medigap and Advantage?
Medigap pairs with Original Medicare to lower out‑of‑pocket and has no networks. Advantage bundles coverage with set copays, a MOOP, and extras—but uses networks.